Lecture Notes and Essay Questions for Chapter 13 Test

Here are the last two slides from the PowerPoint:

The establishment of the “New World Order”
Wilson’s 14 Points
- Called for self-determination; new nations to be formed according to nationality.
- Nations put an end to secret treaties
League of Nations; calls for an end of balance of power politics and a beginning of collective security. Non aggressive states band together to secure peace.
*The U.S. reject the League to avoid alliances with Europe and maintain national sovereignty in foreign affairs.
Sovereignty is defined as having supreme power especially over a body politic; freedom from external control.


“A stab in the back”
Many Germans felt the war was ended prematurely; felt it was winnable.
War-quilt clause placed all of the blame on the Germans.
Forced to pay $33 billion over 30 years to the Allies.
A sizable faction in Germany bitterly resented losing the war and looked forward to getting revenge.

Essay Questions
Note that this is the only essay question that will appear on the test. Use the information presented in class and in the text to completely answer each question.

1. Who or what started WWI? Who or what is to blame? A specific country? The international political structure? Racism? Human indifference to war? State your opinion and defend it with intelligent and thoughtful examples and evidence.
Be prepared to write 250 - 300 words.

Please note that my BS meter will be on its highest setting when I grade your essays.